mundeshwari devi temple 2
जहां लोग इकट्टे होकर प्रार्थना, पूजा या ध्यान करते हैं उसे ईश्वर का इबादतघर कहा जाता है। यदि हम प्राचीन सभ्यताओं के मंदिरों की बात करें तो आपको इजिप्ट (मिस्र), नोस्सोस, येरुशलम, तुर्की, माचू पिच्चू आदि जगहों पर 2500 ईसा पूर्व के प्राचीन मंदिर मिल जाएंगे। लेकिन हम उन सभ्यताओं के नहीं, धर्मों के मंदिर की बात कर रहे हैं। ऐसे तो हड़प्पा और मोहन-जोदड़ो में भी मंदिर रहे होंगे।
मुंडेश्वरी देवी का मंदिर ( Mundeshwari devi temple ) : हमारे देश में 1 से 1,500 वर्ष पुराने मंदिर तो मिल ही जाएंगे, जैसे अजंता-एलोरा का कैलाश मंदिर, तमिलनाडु के तंजौर में बृहदेश्वर मंदिर, तिरुपति शहर में बना विष्णु मंदिर, कंबोडिया का अंकोरवाट मंदिर आदि। लेकिन सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर के प्रमाण के रूप में मुंडेश्वरी देवी का मंदिर माना जाता है जिसका निर्माण 108 ईस्वी में हुआ था।
मुंडेश्वरी देवी का मंदिर बिहार के कैमूर जिले के भगवानपुर अंचल में पवरा पहाड़ी पर 608 फीट की ऊंचाई पर स्थित है। इसकी स्थापना 108 ईस्वी में हुविश्क के शासनकाल में हुई थी। यहां शिव और पार्वती की पूजा होती है। प्रमाणों के आधार पर इसे देश का सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर माना जाता है। कहा जाता है कि इस मंदिर में पिछले 2026 सालों से लगातार पूजा हो रही है। इस मंदिर के 635 में विद्यामान होने का उल्लेख मिलता है। कुछ के अनुसार मंदिर से प्राप्त शिलालेख के अनुसार उदय सेन के शासन काल में इसका निर्माण हुआ था।
यहां पहाड़ी के मलबे के अंदर गणेश और शिव सहित अनेक देवी-देवताओं की मूर्तियां पाई गई। यहां खुदाई के क्रम में मंदिरों के समूह भी मिले हैं। इन मूर्तियों से इनके ईसा पूर्व होने के प्रमाण मिलते हैं। वर्ष 1968 में पुरातत्व विभाग ने यहां से मिलीं 97 दुर्लभ प्रतिमाओं को सुरक्षा की दृष्टि से 'पटना संग्रहालय' और तीन को 'कोलकाता संग्रहालय' रखवा दिया।
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| 10 | 1.4155 | 4174048 | Zend_View_Abstract->render( $name = 'manager/theme6-article-content.php' ) | .../Partial.php:109 |
| 11 | 1.4155 | 4190720 | Zend_View->_run( '/u2/websites/gujarati-uat.webdunia.com/application/modules/article/views/scripts/manager/theme6-article-content.php' ) | .../Abstract.php:888 |
| 12 | 1.4156 | 4199808 | include( '/u2/websites/gujarati-uat.webdunia.com/application/modules/article/views/scripts/manager/theme6-article-content.php ) | .../View.php:108 |
" />
सबसे प्राचीन है शक्तिपीठ ( The oldest Shaktipeeth ): प्राचीनता के मामले में देश में सबसे प्राचीन शक्तिपीठों और ज्योतिर्लिंगों को माना जाता है। हिंगलाज माता का मंदिर, ज्वालादेवी का मंदिर, कामाख्यादेवी का मंदिर, अमरनाथ का मंदिर आदि सभी कम से कम 5,000 वर्ष पुराने बताए जाते हैं। बामियान की गुफाओं के मंदिर या देशभर के अन्य बौद्ध मंदिर भी 2,000 वर्ष पुराने बताए जाते हैं। प्राचीनकाल में यक्ष, नाग, शिव, दुर्गा, भैरव, इन्द्र और विष्णु की पूजा और प्रार्थना का प्रचलन था। रामायण काल में मंदिर होते थे, इसके प्रमाण हैं। राम का काल आज से 7,200 वर्ष पूर्व था अर्थात 5114 ईस्वी पूर्व।
राम के काल में सीता द्वारा गौरी पूजा करना इस बात का सबूत है कि उस काल में देवी-देवताओं की पूजा का महत्व था और उनके घर से अलग पूजा स्थल होते थे। इसी प्रकार महाभारत में दो घटनाओं में कृष्ण के साथ रुक्मणि और अर्जुन के साथ सुभद्रा के भागने के समय दोनों ही नायिकाओं द्वारा देवी पूजा के लिए वन में स्थित गौरी माता (माता पार्वती) के मंदिर की चर्चा है। इसके अलावा युद्ध की शुरुआत के पूर्व भी कृष्ण पांडवों के साथ गौरी माता के स्थल पर जाकर उनसे विजयी होने की प्रार्थना करते हैं।
सोमनाथ का मंदिर ( Somnath temple ) :सोमनाथ के मंदिर के होने का उल्लेख ऋग्वेद में भी मिलता है। इससे यह सिद्ध होता है कि भारत में मंदिर परंपरा कितनी पुरानी रही है। इतिहासकार मानते हैं कि ऋग्वेद की रचना 7000 से 1500 ईसा पूर्व हई थी अर्थात आज से 9,000 वर्ष पूर्व। यूनेस्को ने ऋग्वेद की 1800 से 1500 ईपू की 30 पांडुलिपियों को सांस्कृतिक धरोहरों की सूची में शामिल किया है। उल्लेखनीय है कि यूनेस्को की 158 सूचियों में भारत की महत्वपूर्ण पांडुलिपियों की सूची 38 है।
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| # | Time | Memory | Function | Location |
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| 2 | 0.2779 | 3645080 | Zend_Application->run( ) | .../bootstrap.php:123 |
| 3 | 0.2779 | 3645080 | Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap->run( ) | .../Application.php:378 |
| 4 | 0.2779 | 3645080 | Zend_Controller_Front->dispatch( $request = ???, $response = ??? ) | .../Bootstrap.php:101 |
| 5 | 0.2806 | 3680952 | Zend_Controller_Dispatcher_Standard->dispatch( $request = class Zend_Controller_Request_Http { protected $_dispatched = TRUE; protected $_module = 'article'; protected $_moduleKey = 'module'; protected $_controller = 'manager'; protected $_controllerKey = 'controller'; protected $_action = 'display'; protected $_actionKey = 'action'; protected $_params = [1 => 'e', 'articleSeoStr' => '-121120900072_1', 'module' => 'article', 'controller' => 'manager', 'action' => 'display']; protected $_paramSources = [0 => '_GET', 1 => '_POST']; protected $_requestUri = '/religious-places/most-ancient-mundeshwari-devi-temple-121120900072_1.html'; protected $_baseUrl = ''; protected $_basePath = NULL; protected $_pathInfo = '/religious-places/most-ancient-mundeshwari-devi-temple-121120900072_1.html'; protected $_rawBody = NULL; protected $_aliases = [] }, $response = class Zend_Controller_Response_Http { protected $_body = []; protected $_exceptions = []; protected $_headers = []; protected $_headersRaw = []; protected $_httpResponseCode = 200; protected $_isRedirect = FALSE; protected $_renderExceptions = FALSE; public $headersSentThrowsException = TRUE } ) | .../Front.php:954 |
| 6 | 0.2844 | 3782808 | Zend_Controller_Action->dispatch( $action = 'displayAction' ) | .../Standard.php:308 |
| 7 | 0.2844 | 3785488 | Article_ManagerController->displayAction( ) | .../Action.php:516 |
| 8 | 1.4151 | 4165248 | Zend_View_Abstract->__call( $name = 'partial', $args = [0 => 'manager/theme6-article-content.php', 1 => ['varItemId' => '121120900072', 'articlePageId' => '121120900072_1', 'articleObject' => class stdClass { ... }, 'categoryBannerObj' => class stdClass { ... }, 'imageCaptcha' => '', 'imageCaptchaId' => '', 'isPaidContent' => FALSE, 'isSubscribedContent' => FALSE, 'subscriptionCartTarget' => '/subscription-cart/product', 'articleColumnistsTarget' => '/columnists/search/', 'propertyContentLang' => 'hindi', 'propertyCode' => 'hi', 'siteJsPath' => '/include/_mod/site/js/', 'token' => '815b3e470b2923791b22f1ca3401a79d', 'contentAbsolutePath' => 'https://nonprod-media.webdunia.com/content/hi', 'articlePageNo' => '1', 'articleURL' => 'https://gujarati-uat.webdunia.com/religious-places/most-ancient-mundeshwari-devi-temple-121120900072_1.html', 'articleTitle' => 'भारत के सबसे प्राचीन मंदिरों में से एक बिहार का मुंडेश्वरी देवी मंदिर! - Most ancient mundeshwari devi temple', 'isphotofeature' => 'article', 'liveArticle' => 0, 'liveData' => 0, 'rightbarData' => '{"Contents":[[{"Title":"\\u091c\\u093c\\u0930\\u0942\\u0930 \\u092a\\u0922\\u093c\\u0947\\u0902","ViewAllUrl":"\\/india-religion","SeeAllText":"\\u0938\\u092d\\u0940 \\u0926\\u0947\\u0916\\u0947\\u0902","Pages":[{"Thumbnail":"https:\\/\\/nonprod-media.webdunia.com\\/public_html\\/_media\\/hi\\/img\\/article\\/2026-03\\/10\\/thumb\\/5_4\\/1773141785-0371.jpg","Title":"\\u0939\\u093f\\u0902\\u0926\\u0942 \\u092a\\u0941\\u0930\\u093e\\u0923, \\u091c\\u094d\\u092f\\u094b\\u0924\\u093f\\u0937, \\u0928\\u093e\\u0938\\u094d\\u0924\\u094d\\u0930\\u0947\\u0926\\u092e\\u0938'..., 'articleData' => class stdClass { ... }, 'articleBreadCrumb' => '<div class="breadcrum"><a href="/india-religion">धर्म-संसार</a> » <a href="/indian-religion">धर्म-दर्शन</a> » <a href="/religious-places">धार्मिक स्थल</a></div><li>Most ancient mundeshwari devi temple</li>', 'imageCaptchaForgetPass' => class Zend_Captcha_Image { ... }, 'siteUrl' => 'https://gujarati-uat.webdunia.com', 'siteBaseUrl' => '', 'siteImagePath' => '/include/_mod/site/images/', 'moduleImagePath' => '/include/_mod/article/images/', 'mediaBasePath' => 'https://nonprod-media.webdunia.com/public_html', 'mediaAbsUrl' => 'https://nonprod-media.webdunia.com/public_html', 'ckEditorPath' => '/include/_lib/ckeditor/', 'reloadCaptchaRequest' => '/request-handler/reload-captcha', 'siteActivityTrackerRequest' => '/request-handler/site-activity-tracker', 'advanceSearchTarget' => '/advance-search', 'userRegistrationTarget' => '/user/registration', 'userLoginTarget' => '/user/login', 'textlinkClickTracker' => '/click-tracker/textlink/id/', 'siteTranslator' => class Zend_Translate { ... }, 'moduleTranslator' => class Zend_Translate { ... }, 'purifier' => class HTMLPurifier { ... }, 'myPageUrl' => '/user/my-page/index', 'addToMyPageUrl' => '/user/my-page/add-article', 'MyPageMoreArticleUrl' => '/user/my-page/more-articles/', 'addBlockToMyPageUrl' => '/user/my-page/add-block/', 'deleteBlockToMyPageUrl' => '/user/my-page/delete-block/', 'deleteArticleToMyPageUrl' => '/user/my-page/delete-article/', 'portfolioManageTarget' => '/portfolio/manage', 'siteImageProcess' => '/site-image-process/image-thumb']] ) | .../ManagerController.php:863 |
| 9 | 1.4153 | 4165416 | Zend_View_Helper_Partial->partial( $name = 'manager/theme6-article-content.php', $module = ['varItemId' => '121120900072', 'articlePageId' => '121120900072_1', 'articleObject' => class stdClass { public $sessionUserId = '143'; public $articleId = '121120900072'; public $oldArticleId = ''; public $heading1 = 'भारत के सबसे प्राचीन मंदिरों में से एक बिहार का मुंडेश्वरी देवी मंदिर!'; public $heading2 = 'Most ancient mundeshwari devi temple'; public $subHeading = ''; public $description = 'जहां लोग इकट्टे होकर प्रार्थना, पूजा या ध्यान करते हैं उसे ईश्वर का इबादतघर कहा जाता है। यदि हम प्राचीन सभ्यताओं के मंदिरों की बात करें तो आपको इजिप्ट (मिस्र), नोस्सोस, येरुशलम, तुर्की, माचू पिच्चू '...; public $contentType = 'online'; public $articleType = 'article'; public $articleTags = 'oldest temple oldest temple in india, Indian temple, Hindu temple, Hindu worship house, most ancient temples, mundeshwari devi temple, भारतीय मंदिर, हिंदू मंदिर, हिन्दू पूजाघर, सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर, मुंडेश्वरी देवी का मंदिर, सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर, भारत का सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर'; public $defaultArticleCat = class stdClass { ... }; public $pageTitle = 'भारत के सबसे प्राचीन मंदिरों में से एक बिहार का मुंडेश्वरी देवी मंदिर!'; public $pageTitleNew = 'Most ancient mundeshwari devi temple'; public $twitterContent = ''; public $metaDescription = 'जहां लोग इकट्टे होकर प्रार्थना, पूजा या ध्यान करते हैं उसे ईश्वर का इबादतघर कहा जाता है। यदि हम प्राचीन सभ्यताओं के मंदिरों की बात करें तो आपको इजिप्ट (मिस्र), नोस्सोस, येरुशलम, तुर्की, माचू पिच्चू '...; public $metaKeywords = 'oldest temple oldest temple in india, Indian temple, Hindu temple, Hindu worship house, most ancient temples, mundeshwari devi temple, भारतीय मंदिर, हिंदू मंदिर, हिन्दू पूजाघर, सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर, मुंडेश्वरी देवी का मंदिर, सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर, भारत का सबसे प्राचीन मंदिर'; public $sourceId = '4'; public $sourceTitle = 'Webdunia.com (I) Pvt Ltd.'; public $placeName = ''; public $notificationContent = 'भारत के सबसे प्राचीन मंदिरों में से एक बिहार का मुंडेश्वरी देवी मंदिर!'; public $articlePageNo = '1'; public $propertySource = ''; public $propertySourceId = ''; public $sourceArticleId = ''; public $liveArticleAgain = ''; public $videoOnTop = ''; public $metaRefreshRate = 0; public $instantRSS = ''; public $contentHeading = ''; public $liveContentTime = 1639044660; public $videoUrl = ''; public $authorId = 0; public $authorName = ''; public $selDiscussionId = 0; public $discussionStartDate = ''; public $discussionEndDate = ''; public $selPollId = 0; public $pollStartDate = ''; public $pollEndDate = ''; public $articleOptions = 270724; public $articleExtraOptions = 2960; public $publishDate = 1639044660; public $cachedTime = 7; public $commentStartDate = 1639044660; public $commentEndDate = 1646820660; public $expirationDate = 0; public $authorArticleList = NULL; public $creationDate = '1639044794'; public $headline1 = ''; public $headline2 = ''; public $headline3 = ''; public $isActive = 'N'; public $workflowStatus = 'published'; public $versionNo = 4; public $propertyActionFlag = FALSE; public $articleUrlStr = '/religious-places/most-ancient-mundeshwari-devi-temple-'; public $articleUrl = '/religious-places/most-ancient-mundeshwari-devi-temple-121120900072_1.html'; public $modificationDate = 1639053023; public $tinyUrl = 'http://wd1.in/PvbT4cf'; public $previousArticleUrl = '/astrology-articles/sun-transit-in-sagittarius-121120900057_1.html'; public $previousArticleId = '121120900057'; public $previousArticleHeading = 'सूर्य धनु संक्रांति : 16 दिसंबर को सूर्य के राशि परिवर्तन के साथ ही बंद होंगे मांगलिक कार्य'; public $categoryArticleData = [...]; public $articleContentImage = '<div style="position:relative;display: inline-block;color: #fff;">\r\n\t\t\t<img align="center" alt="mundeshwari devi temple 2" class="imgCont" height="592" src="https://nonprod-media.webdunia.com/public_html/_media/hi/img/article/2021-12/09/full/1639052891-931.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #DDD; margin-right: 0px; float: none; z-index: 0;" title="" width="740" /></div>'; public $articleMedia = class stdClass { ... }; public $authorThumbnailUrl = ''; public $authorBigImageUrl = ''; public $allMappedCategories = [...]; public $articleCompanyMap = [...]; public $articleBreadCrumb = '<div class="breadcrum"><a href="/india-religion">धर्म-संसार</a> » <a href="/indian-religion">धर्म-दर्शन</a> » <a href="/religious-places">धार्मिक स्थल</a></div>'; public $numOfArticlePages = '1'; public $linkedCatUrlList = [...]; public $articleContent = '<div>\r\n\t<div style="float: left;width:100%;text-align:center;">\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t<div style="float: left; clear: both; font-style:italic; padding: 10px 10px 10px 0px; width:740px;">\r\n\t\t\t<a class="storyTags" href="/search?cx=015955889424990834868:ptvgsjrogw0&cof=FORID:9&ie=UTF-8&sa=search&siteurl=https://gujarati-uat.webdunia.com&q=Mundeshwari+Devi+Temple" target="_blank">mundeshwari devi temple </a>2</div>\r\n\t</div>\r\n\tजहां लोग इकट्टे होकर प्रार्थना, पूजा य'...; public $tagStrBottom = '<a href="/search?cx=015955889424990834868:ptvgsjrogw0&cof=FORID:9&ie=UTF-8&sa=search&siteurl=https://gujarati-uat.webdunia.com&q=%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AF+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" target="_blank">भारतीय मंदिर</a> <a href="/search?cx=015955889424990834868:ptvgsjrogw0&cof=FORID:9&ie=UTF-8&sa=search&siteurl=https://gujarati-uat.webdunia.com&q=%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82+%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0" targ'...; 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" />
हिन्दू मंदिरों को खासकर बौद्ध, चाणक्य और गुप्तकाल में भव्यता प्रदान की जाने लगी और जो प्राचीन मंदिर थे उनका पुन: निर्माण किया गया। ये सभी मंदिर ज्योतिष, वास्तु और धर्म के नियमों को ध्यान में रखकर बनाए गए थे। अधिकतर मंदिर कर्क रेखा या नक्षत्रों के ठीक ऊपर बनाए गए थे। उनमें से भी एक ही काल में बनाए गए सभी मंदिर एक-दूसरे से जुड़े हुए थे। प्राचीन मंदिर ऊर्जा और प्रार्थना के केंद्र थे लेकिन आजकल के मंदिर तो पूजा-आरती के केंद्र हैं।
मध्यकाल में मुस्लिम आक्रांताओं ने जैन, बौद्ध और हिन्दू मंदिरों को बड़े पैमाने पर ध्वस्त कर दिया। यह विध्वंस उत्तर भारत में अधिक हुआ जिसके चलते अयोध्या, मथुरा और काशी के कई प्राचीन मंदिरों का अब नामोनिशान मिट गया है। मलेशिया, इंडोनेशिया, अफगानिस्तान, ईरान, तिब्बत, पाकिस्तान, बांग्लादेश, श्रीलंका, कंबोडिया आदि मुस्लिम और बौद्ध राष्ट्रों में अब हिन्दू मंदिर नाममात्र के बचे हैं। अब ज्यादातर प्राचीन मंदिरों के बस खंडहर ही नजर आते हैं, जो सिर्फ पर्यटकों के देखने के लिए ही रह गए हैं। अधिकतर का तो अस्तित्व ही मिटा दिया गया है।